A gastroenterologist is a medical doctor who, after 6 years of medical education and 5 years of internal medicine residency, completes at least 3 years of subspecialty training in diseases of the digestive system (gastrointestinal system) and their endoscopic diagnostic and treatment methods.<\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What Diseases Does the Department of Gastroenterology Investigate?","cevap":"
The Department of Gastroenterology diagnoses diseases of the esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, and liver, and performs endoscopic and medical treatments without the need for surgical intervention.<\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What Are the Symptoms of Hemorrhoids?","cevap":"
Hemorrhoids (piles) manifest with complaints such as rectal bleeding during straining, prolapse from the anus during straining, itching in the anal area, anal pain, and a painful palpable swelling in the anal region.<\/p>\n
In the initial stages of hemorrhoidal disease, there is only bleeding, while in later stages, bleeding is accompanied by swellings in the anus during defecation. As hemorrhoids progress, these swellings no longer retract. <\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What Are the Symptoms of Colon Cancer?","cevap":"
Colonoscopy is the examination of the large intestine, which is approximately 1.5-2 m long, starting from the end of the small intestine and ending at the anus, performed by inserting a flexible instrument called a colonoscope through the anus.<\/p>\n"},{"soru":"When Is Colonoscopy Necessary?","cevap":"
For individuals over 45 years of age, colonoscopy should be performed every 5 years for screening to detect possible bowel cancer early. The development of cancer can be prevented by removing lesions called polyps, which are detected during this procedure and can turn into cancer over time. <\/p>\n
Since colonoscopy involves examining the large intestine, a very thorough cleansing of the bowel with a special diet and purgative medications before the procedure will increase its value. Therefore, our patients should stop solid food intake 48 hours before the procedure and consume only liquid foods until the day of the procedure. (Please consult your physician for the content of the diet.) <\/p>\n
Following the 48-hour liquid diet, you should use the purgative medications prescribed by your physician the night before the procedure, as instructed by your physician. Since diarrhea will occur that night, plenty of water should be consumed. <\/p>\n"},{"soru":"How Is Colonoscopy Performed?","cevap":"
The patient, whose bowel has been cleansed, is taken to the endoscopy unit. After preparations are made, an intravenous line is opened in their arm for sedation. The patient is laid on their left side, and heart rate and blood oxygen level are monitored with a device placed on the finger. Thanks to the sedative agent (midazolam and\/or pethidine HCL) administered intravenously, the patient tolerates the procedure with very little or no pain. We can also administer pain medication to relax the intestines. General anesthesia is not applied unless absolutely necessary. The anal region of the patient lying on their left side is first externally examined. Then, the physician examines the anal canal with the index finger of their right hand (rectal examination). Subsequently, the colonoscope is slowly and carefully inserted through the anus, passing through the rectum, rectosigmoid junction, sigmoid colon, and cecum, which are parts of the large intestine, to reach the cecum. <\/p>\n
In suitable cases, the last 20 cm of the small intestine is examined by passing through the ileocecal valve. (This procedure is valuable for the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease.) Then, the colonoscope is slowly withdrawn, and the entire bowel is examined during withdrawal. This procedure takes 10-15 minutes. If deemed necessary during the procedure, biopsies can be taken for pathological examination, or lesions such as polyps that may cause problems in the future can be removed. All these procedures are painless. <\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What Are the Side Effects of Colonoscopy?","cevap":"
The most significant complication that can occur during colonoscopy is the risk of bowel perforation. This risk is very low; if it occurs, surgical intervention is required. Bleeding may occur after the procedure in patients who have undergone biopsy or polypectomy. In such cases, please consult your physician. <\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What Happens After Colonoscopy?","cevap":"
Following the colonoscopy, your doctor will prepare a report of the findings and inform you. If a tissue sample (biopsy) has been taken, it will be necessary to wait a few days for the result. <\/p>\n
After returning home, 3-4 hours of rest will be required. You may experience gas complaints on the day of the procedure, so food intake should be avoided. After resting, you can return to your normal diet. <\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What Are the Symptoms of Reflux Disease?","cevap":"
It is a burning sensation in the chest, spreading from the upper part of the stomach to the chest, known as retrosternal burning.<\/p>\n"},{"soru":"What is Gastroscopy? What Diseases Is It Used to Diagnose? ","cevap":"
Gastroscopy is a diagnostic method in which the inside of the upper digestive tract is visualized and examined. During gastroscopy, the esophagus, stomach, and the first two parts of the duodenum can be examined by passing through the mouth. The device used during the procedure is a “gastroscope.” This is a flexible, bendable, high-tech device in the form of a tube, about the thickness of an index finger, with a tiny camera at its tip. <\/p>\n
The camera at the tip of the gastroscope projects an image of the inner surface of the stomach onto a high-resolution television screen. This allows for the visualization of polyps, tumors, inflammatory changes, vascular dilatations that can cause bleeding, or other pathological changes. During gastroscopy, small samples (biopsies) can be taken for microscopic examination (pathology test) of abnormal tissues, or structures called polyps can be completely removed. <\/p>\n"},{"soru":"Who Should Undergo Gastroscopy?","cevap":"
During gastroscopy, sedatives and pain relievers are administered intravenously to minimize discomfort. These medications put the patient in a semi-sleep state, allowing them to tolerate the gastroscopy comfortably. Although there is no complete loss of consciousness, the patient usually cannot recall the details of the experience afterward. <\/p>\n
The throat is numbed with a mentholated local anesthetic spray. The patient is laid on their left side. The examination is performed by entering through the mouth. During the procedure, one can breathe comfortably and does not feel pain, only the tension from the air. <\/p>\n
Air is intermittently blown into the stomach to open the gastroscope’s field of view. This air, blown in during the procedure, is partially reabsorbed when the gastroscope is removed. Any remaining air after the procedure is expelled through gas from the mouth and anus. Gastroscopy usually takes 10-15 minutes. <\/p>\n
If the individual wishes, the examination can also be performed without sedatives and pain relievers.<\/p>\n"}]},"yoast_head":"\n